End correction

In Bansuri, The effective length is more than the actual length,

So we have to apply the end correction factor to find the actual effective length of bansuri, this end correction factor depend on the internal diameter of the bansuri

L_eff = L _Actual+0.3d

Bansuri Tuning

Generally  Bansuri are tuned to kalyan scale, because in india it is played as top 3 holes closed as “Sa”

So if you assume it as “Sa” and Ratio 1:1

Then lower Ni will be 15:8 low than this “Sa”

Lower Dha will be lower 5:3

And lower Pa will be lower 3:2

 

And the tuning will be

3:2(1.5)/5:3(1.67)/15:8(1.88)/1:1(1)/9:8(1.13)/5:4(1.25)/45:32(1.41) (Pa-Dha-Ni-Sa-Re-Ga Tivra Ma)

Now if you play this bansuri with 3 holes closed as Sa than everything is OK.

But if you play this bansuri with all holes closed as Sa then the ratio changes (dividing all by 3:2,From Sa onwards divide by 3:2/2=3:4)

1:1(1)/10:9(1.11)/5:4(1.25)/4:3(1.33)/ 3:2(1.5)/5:3(1.67)/15:8(1.88)—(Sa-Re-Ga-Ma-Pa-Dha-Ni-Sa)

You see Re is Flat here if you play all holes closed as Sa

 

So to conclude tuning depends on how you play if you play 3 holes closed as Sa then tuning is shown above(first one), in short 3 holes closed then tuning kalyan and all holes closed Sa then tuning bilawal